Causes:
Constipation is defined as hard, dry stools
that are difficult to pass. In pregnancy, the increased levels
of progesterone produced by the placenta cause relaxation of
smooth muscles. This affects the bowel by slowing down its
activity. This may be a useful thing in that causing food to
spend more time in the bowel allows greater absorption of
nutrients which helps protect the health of mothers and babies.
The bad news about this is that it causes more fluid to be drawn
out also as food passes through the large intestine, and this
can make stools hard and dry. In addition, iron supplements can
also cause constipation. When does
this usually occur? Constipation can
happen at any time, but is most common in the second or third
trimester. Prevention and relief
suggestions
| Drink more fluids. |
| Drink warm or cold
fluids on an empty stomach. |
| Increase the fiber
in your diet by eating lots of unrefined grains,
popcorn, fresh fruits and vegetables. |
| Get regular
exercise |
| Develop regular
bowel habits -- avoid postponing going to the
bathroom when you have the urge. |
|
You may use stool softeners,
prune juice, glycerine suppositories, or
bulk-forming laxatives containing psyllium such as
Metamucil (be sure to drink lots of water with such
laxatives or they can make the problem worse). |
What to avoid
| Mineral oil -- it
can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble
vitamins. |
|
Stimulant laxatives
such as biscodyl (Dulcolax), or cascara -- these can
be habit-forming if used often |
|
Saline hyperosmotics
(Fleets Phospho-Soda) -- can cause sodium retention. |
| Castor oil -- may
contribute to preterm labor. |
Danger signs
Severe abdominal pain with constipation, or
constipation accompanied by nausea, vomiting, pain, or fever.
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